Food systems exert large climate and health burdens. Recent reports, including the seminal EAT-Lancet, have estimated these harms more precisely than ever, providing a new “planetary health diet” path forward, but our pictures are still incomplete. Multiple burdens still remain poorly characterized, including infectious diseases, animal health and wellbeing, and marine biodiversity loss. I will highlight some examples of our recent analyses that have tested changes in food production, including pasture-raised meat, intensification, and plant-based dietary shifts that aim to widen the scope of climate and health trade-offs that we appraise. Then, I will detail future research plans that focus on alternative protein foods, including plant-based, precision fermentation, and cell-cultured meat. Lastly, I will discuss how food and climate policies may require grappling with a wider array of potentially cascading environmental and health risks, including risks that may be challenging or impossible to quantify.
